Alright, the numbers next to your name are points. You start off with 100

. You bet points to join each game (notice the bet amount next to the join button). If you lose all of your points, you will be re-filled to 100 automatically (I think its you have to *lose* them, not spend them though).
PPSC stands for points per supply center. In these types of games you earn points based on the number of supply centers you have. If one player wins and you're still alive with 10 centers, you get 10/34's of the pot since there are 34 supply centers on the board (in classic map)
WTA stands for winner takes all. Image the previous scenario. Another player solos and you have 10 centers. You get nothing and he gets everything.
anonymous means nobody knows your name until the game is over.
gunboat means you can't talk to anyone (no chat), public press means you can only talk on global chat (everyone can see what you're saying) and full press is that you can talk to everyone (global) or to individual players. As a quick side-note, you can't PM any players who are in the game about the game, no talking about ongoing games in the forum, and no cheating accusations on the forum or in global press.
If it is a live game, it will start at the time you designated it to start at. If it is not a live game (phases longer than half an hour I believe? I actually don't remember all of the phase length options) then it will start as soon as you have enough players to start. If people don't join (it happens) then you get your points back and the game is canceled.
Players can't join password protected games unless you provide the password.
Also, call me goldfinger