"True, literature can do a lot besides being entertaining, but there's no good reason to assume that depth/thought-provokingness, or anything else, for that matter, is the true measure of a work/author's worth. People who study literature for a living generally say that literature should be deep and insightful, but of course they say that - they're people who study literature for a living."
That's a bit like saying "Of course those that study science say it should be used for the betterment of mankind, they're people who do science for a living--really, who's to say if work devoted to studying the chemical makeup of cells is more important than work devoted to helping cosmetics companies create the next great makeup design concept? After all, don't they both benefit humanity in SOME capacity?"
You can get enjoyment out of reading Tom Clancy.
You can get enjoyment out of reading Ernest Hemingway.
One of these authors makes for a lasting contemplation on the effects of war on society, what it means to be a man, if that idea is flawed, and what it means to try to rise to the occasion and maintain grace and individuality in a world that's anything but graceful or individualistic.
One of these authors lets you have the fun of watching explosions and secret ops missions...and then watching them on the big screen...and then unlocking an achievement for blowing a guy's head off while playing the XBox version.
Do they both produce something fun and entertaining?
Yes (believe it or not, people DO read "literature" because they find it entertaining.)
Would you raise your kids on movies, XBox and Big Mac meals alone over family trips, culture, and actual conversations over a proper dinner?
...Well, if you live in the America of 2014, then yes, apparently, I suppose you might.
Literature is NOT reserved for the elite or those who devote themselves to studying it--that's an image of literature that's emerged over the last 50 years, and it IS partially the fault of those who decide to treat literature as if it were an opportunity for them to get up on their pretentious soapbox and codify everything in such obscurantist theoretical terms that nobody knows what they're talking about (and those that DO have either ceased to care or are too busy writing their own masturbatory thesis on how a Deconstructionist reading of "Hamlet" is actually a critique of mass consumer culture and is the product of a capitalist ideological superstructure fostered by a lack of performative gender and the not allowing "the thing in itself" to rise to the forefront of consciousness and hey, this is making your brain start to melt and wonder "What the hell happened to the story about the guy trying to decide what the point of life was and whether or not to kill his uncle?" I thought so.)
Tom Clancy was a writer, for sure...not so much an author.
An author writes "Huck Finn" and tackles the racism and social relations of his time, and does so in a way that was fun to read then, and fun to read now.
An author writes "1984" or "Brave New World," and does so NOT to create a Young Adult 5-novel franchise, but rather to look at and comment on political and social ideologies and totalitarianism and the relationship of the individual to the whole and how that relationship's difficult and, if we're not careful, costly and deadly.
An author writes "Pride and Prejudice" or "To the Lighthouse" and does so NOT because they're trying to tap into a "Chick Lit" market, or because they took Gender Theory classes and are writing to that one specific audience, but rather because they think they have something to say about class relations and men and women and what pride and prejudice over trivial matters can do to people.
An author writes "The Divine Comedy" or "Paradise Lost" or "The Brothers Karamazov" NOT to throw out conspiracy theories about how religious institutions work--I'm looking at you, Dan Brown--but rather because they think they have something to say about the nature of religion, or about good and evil, or how we should live our lives, or what these religions actually say and actually mean, or can mean.
And, yes...
An author writes "Hamlet" and makes it the longest work written in the course of their career because, whatever it is you want to say they're saying, they're trying to say SOMETHING about "what a piece of work is a man," and what the human condition really is...interspersed with sword fights and intrigue and jokes and everything else that keeps an audience entertained.
semck is right when he says "Nobody should mistake greatness with the need for forced angst or overwrought "social consciousness""--though I'd argue he stressed the wrong words.
Social consciousness is necessary for good writing--write a 6-part novel series on escapist fantasy or sci fi and I'll say that's fine, you're a writer, and not an author (or auteur, because the only way I can make my position of an elitist arguing against literature being viewed as nebulous and elite is to use a French word.)
If you make that sci fi story actually tap into the social consciousness, however, then you might have something--
A sci fi paperback series is the equivalent of a 6-part 1950s B-movie serial.
A science fiction book taking a hard, long look at something? That's H.G. Wells looking at class difference with the Morlocks and Eloi in "The Time Machine" or commenting on European imperialism with "War of the Worlds," and there are of course plenty of other great authors and examples as well.
It's when social consciousness is filled with false "angst" or is "overwrought" that's the problem.
To pick on the Young Adult book crowd one more time--
Part of the reason "1984" and "Brave New World" work, are engaging and remain engaging is that they feel genuine--they weren't made to pander to a teen demographic that finds that trendy, they're dystopian because Huxley and Orwell were genuine in their concern, weren't overly-angsty, avoided overwrought purple prose, and as a result,their works are timeless...
...rather than "Divergent" (which I so recently railed against) pandering to a teen demographic when dystopian stories were trendy and coming across as nothing more than pretentious, badly-written drivel filled with fueled by teenage angst as written by a 20-something (wait for it) Creative Writing major.
Spoiler alert--there has YET to be a lauded author who was the product of a Creative Writing major...plenty of flash-in-the-pan writers, but AUTHORS seem to need to be made of sterner stuff (and have actually, you know, experienced life outside that cozy little workshopping writer's circle.)
There's nothing wrong with appealing to popular taste--Shakespeare did that.
He wrote revenge tragedies, in part, because those were popular and sold.
He also took the time to give Hamlet more lines than any other character, and thus instead of him being merely someone who stacks up bodies all over the stage or revels in revenge, he takes the time to have his sincere, angst-ridden hero actually question Life, the Universe, and Everything, and it's telling that THAT is the focus of the play, and any killing is brief and, on more than one occasion, pure accident rather than joyous revenge.
Literature, then, should be accessible in its sincerity and engaging nature for all, and there a qualitative difference between Tom Clancy and Ernest Hemingway--
The difference between a writer and an author.