@Puddle:
Well, contrary to what FOX News anchors Hannity and O'Reilly--and formerly Beck, to show how credible the bunch truly are--would have you believe...
Fascism and Communism are directly opposing theories of governing.
So, when O'Reilly likens Obama to a Communist and Beck to a Fascist on the same day, you can see how enlightened the people are on the subject, as that'd be the political equivalent of being a square-circle, really, a Fascist-Communist...
So to answer your question:
The "Left" and "Right" in America generally stem from the two most influential English political theorists of the 1600s whose theories essentially founded the nation--and may be found, in cases, almost word-for-word in American foudning documents.'
These, of course, would be John "All men are created equal" Locke and Thomas "Protection over Liberty" Hobbes.
And this is where Communism and Fascism may be seen to get their roots (Though not historically, Marx may have been influenced by Locke, but that's up for debate, and certainly Hitler was influenced by a variety of sources, so Hobbes' role, if any, isn't unique and special to Hitler.)
Communism is Locke-run-amok, where "All men are created equal" becomes "All men must be TREATED as equals," which is a nice sentiment, and for purposes of legality, is obviously a good one--an example being civil rights--but apply that to a mass government on a mass scale and you have over-achieving employees being treated and paid the same as under-achieving employees, or even just "standard"-achievers...there is no reward incentive, all are treated equally, like cogs in a machine...but the cogs ARE equal in theory, so the premise from Locke is still thee, just taken to an extreme he never envisioned it would or should go.
So, the "prominent conservative text" that would be the counterpart to "The Communist Manifesto" is...
Well, plenty, really...Nietzsche's "Thus Spoke Zarathustra" is a social counterpoint, and Hobbes' aforementioned work, entitled "Leviatian," is a political counterpoint...
But "Mein Kampf" IS a conservative, right-wing "answer" to Marxist theory, as it's a leading text of Fascism, and Fascism is the extremist opposite of Marxism, the same way that the more moderate-Locke and the Left and Liberalism is the counterpoint to the Right and Hobbes and Conservatism.
As a final note, aside from disparraging both extremes--Fascism is a disgusting ideal, and Communism is an unfeasible one...just like my old hero Nietzsche, I find BOTH extremes here absurd--I'm not saying one side is "better" tha the other:
Locke and Hobbes/The Left and the Right BOTH have valuable ideals.
Locke's "all men are created equal" principle is vital to remember for civil and social liberties.
And Hobbes' comparison of human beings to machines and so a nation to a giant, many-headed moster of a machine, made stronger by the cooperation of all--but NOT to one's detriment--is good to keep in mind as well.
Both worked off of what is known as "Social Contract Theory," which is the theoretical notion that human beings "agree" to form a government and leave what is called "The State of Nature," and their differences of opinion on what happens in the State of Nature corresponds to the positions of the Left and the Right today:
Locke believed all people were, or at least could be, GOOD PEOPLE at heart, he was a Christian and felt everyone had a soul and was descended from Adam and so all were suppoed to be equal and good under God, and his main reason for forming a government is to bring that good out to its fullest potential with works and government help--ie, we all are free to pick apples in the State of Nature, but if we form a government, then some of us can pick apples and farm while others work metals and build towns, thus increasing the quality of life for all.
Hobbes, by contrast, lived through the English Civil War, and was an Atheist, and wasn't always very safe and secure because of his views, so naturally, he held the view that, in a State of Nature, all human beings are selfish and "desire-pursuing machines," and famously said that the State of Nature is "ignorant, nasty, brutish, and short," adn to be avoided at ALL costs...so for Hobbes, SECURITY--not LIBERTY--is the most important thing.
Locke/the Left=Liberty first, Security second (because humans are basically good, so less to guard against)
Hobbes/the Right=Security first, Liberty second (because humans are basically bad, so without security, there's not time to "enjoy" liberty)
And both have valid points.
I'm Left-of-Center myself--I agree with Hobbes, that if you're not secure, there's no way you can enjoy liberty anyway, but at the same time, I agree with Locke that liberty is what makes life worth living for in the first place, and so unless there is an immediate threat, Liberty must always precede Security, as if it were otherwise, life would just break down to being one part in a defensive machine with no free soul.
Anyway, that's my view..."Mein Kampf" is the opposite you're looking for here, but for a less-disgusting and more-enriching alternative, try Hobbes' "Leviathan" for a counterpoint to Marx...
Or Nietzsche, of course--but I'd need a whole other post to even BEGIN waxing on HIM!
;)