Disclaimer: it's been a pretty long time since I've played.
Almost all of the neighboring alliances you can construct run into the problem of the Stalemate Line. The board neatly divides into fifteen supply centers on the north or west end of the Line, and sixteen on the south or east of the Line, with three centers on the Line that could plausibly fall to someone on either side: Tunisia, Berlin, and Munich. (St. Petersburg and Marseilles are also on the Line, but are very hard to take from the south/east side and, in St. Petersburg's case, is impossible to hold from that side.) Even if you captured all of the at-large Line centers, you would still need all but 1-2 centers on your side to win.
For powers near or on the Stalemate Line -- Russia, Germany, Italy, and to a lesser extent France and Austria -- you're less bound to get those centers, because you can plausibly advance deep beyond the Line in one or more spheres after the initial free-for-all for board position in the first few years of the game. This is why you see Russia-Italy and France-Germany alliances form so readily: not only do they have a common initial target to seize supply centers (Austria and England respectively), they also have a very realistic road to victory that doesn't involve the other's demise.
But for a power like Turkey? You start so far away from the Line that it basically dictates your entire strategy. Unless you have a massive breakout in the Mediterranean and into the Atlantic, you're going to have to conquer Austria to get to eighteen centers. You can't realistically advance into Germany (because that's Austria's natural path of expansion in an AT alliance), and St. Petersburg and Scandinavia are too hard to attack from the south (and trivial to defend from the south). If you're playing to win, then you cannot regard Austria as a long-term ally... and in a different sense from how, say, France "can't" regard Germany as one. France can get to 13-14 centers by conquering England and surging through the Mediterranean (which isn't particularly difficult to do), which means that it can just make one strategic last-minute stab of Germany to win. Turkey can maybe get to 10 before it's either got to extend all the way into the Atlantic or stab Austria. There's a whole other step *after* taking down Austria to win the game.
The same is true for Turkey and Italy, and in practice true for Turkey and Russia. (Russia is Turkey's most reasonable choice of ally, since Turkey can get more centers out of Austria + Italy than it can out of Russia + Italy, meaning that it doesn't have to work as hard in the Atlantic. But Turkey is almost strictly worse than either of Russia's other options in southern Europe, since they would end up occupying the same board space and role as Turkey would, but would be closer to the Stalemate Line and thus less pressed to go for Russia's centers.) That's probably why Turkey isn't well-liked (and the same more or less holds true for England as well).