Machiavellian ideals, I think, can be likened to the invention of weapons- there is no sealing the thac of worms, they are useful, they are now necessary, and while they can be used benignly, they are often misued or used or used for a wretched purpose. Take the three men Kennedy, Hitler, and Napoleon, all who used Machiavellian ideals to an extent. Kennedy was a relatively good man and President in the space of time he was given (I even think he was great, and I'm a warhawk/right-winger). Hitler took "the ends justify the means" too far, slughtered innocent millions, brought the world into its worst conflict yet, and is remembered, quite rightly, as probably the single most evil man in the history of the world. Napoleon is open to interpretation, and is a bit of a grey area based on who you are: to the French and Jews (he emancipated them, granted them full rights, and briefly toyed with the idea of setting up a Jewish state in the ME if he defeated the British there) he's a hero, to Germans and Brits, he's a villian of sorts, and to the rest, he';s just antoher hisorical enigma. Three men, three paths, three epitaphs- one root idea.